Risky or Not?

A short podcast about everyday risks from germs

  • Episodes
  • About
  • Contact us
  • Subscribe
  • Statistics
  • Merch
  • Search/Tags

he image depicts a cheerful Girl Scout at an outdoor cookie-selling booth. Among the cookies on display, one features a bold hazardous-waste symbol, creating an eerie contrast to the otherwise wholesome scene. The background suggests a typical suburban or park setting, reinforcing the unexpected and unsettling detail.

738. Girl Scout Cookies

February 26, 2025 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from Girl Scout Cookies

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • Girl Scouts of the USA
  • Danger in the Dough: Unveiling the Toxic Contaminants in Girl Scout Cookies - GMOScience
  • Questions and Answers on Glyphosate | FDA


February 26, 2025 /Don Schaffner
Glyphosate, Toxicology, Girl Scouts, Cookies

A realistic depiction of a friendly, quirky character with a warm smile, casually chewing on a piece of paper featuring typed words. The character, dressed in casual clothing, is seated in a cozy indoor setting with soft lighting, surrounded by subtle details like books and a coffee cup, evoking a relaxed atmosphere.

704. Eating a Paper Ballot

December 09, 2024 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from eating a paper ballot.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • Arc de Triomphe - Wikipedia
  • Acrylamide | ToxFAQs™ | ATSDR
  • Safety Data Sheet - Voters Ink
  • An unusual case of xylophagia (paper-eating) - PMC
  • Do By Friday
  • ChatGPT- is it safe to eat a paper ballot
  • A meta‐analysis of pica and micronutrient status - Miao - 2015 - American Journal of Human Biology - Wiley Online Library
  • ChatGPT - how many episodes make an arc?
December 09, 2024 /Don Schaffner
Toxicology, Choking hazard

An ominous black plastic spatula with sharp, sleek edges floats against a dark background. Surrounding it are glowing, otherworldly chemical symbols, emitting an eerie light. The mysterious ambiance is heightened by the dim lighting and the unsettling presence of the symbols, creating a sense of intrigue and unease.

699. Using a Black Plastic Spatula

November 27, 2024 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from using a black plastic spatula.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • Throw Out Your Black Plastic Spatula - The Atlantic
  • Black plastics: Linear and circular economies, hazardous additives and marine pollution - ScienceDirect
  • Food Packaging & Other Substances that Come in Contact with Food - Information for Consumers | FDA
  • Mercer Culinary M35110GY Hell's Tools® 12" Gray High Temperature Slotted Turner / Spatula
  • Precautionary principle - Wikipedia
  • Black Plastic Kitchen Tools Might Expose You to Toxic Chemicals. Here’s What to Use Instead. | Reviews by Wirecutter
  • Brominated flame retardants in black plastic kitchen utensils: Concentrations and human exposure implications - ScienceDirect


November 27, 2024 /Don Schaffner
Toxicology, Brominated flame retardants

DALL·E - The image depicts a Halloween candy with a gummy center and crunchy, colorful bits surrounding the outside, designed with vibrant hues of orange, green, and purple. A small cochineal insect (scientifically named Dactylopius coccus), which is used in the natural production of carmine dye, is positioned near the candy, observing it. Above the insect is a thought bubble containing the words "Happy Samhain." The background of the image is dark and spooky, featuring subtle Halloween elements like faint shadows of pumpkins or bats, adding a festive and mysterious atmosphere.

The overall theme blends Halloween imagery with Samhain, a Gaelic festival marking the end of the harvest season and the beginning of winter. The candy, reminiscent of popular seasonal treats, is central to the composition, while the insect adds an unusual yet natural element tied to the historical use of cochineal as a red food dye.

687. Nerds Gummy Clusters

October 30, 2024 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from eating Nerds Gummy Clusters (when you are not allergic to Carmine B).

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • Nerds Gummy Clusters: The internet is obsessed. That was entirely by design.
  • Color Additives | FDA
  • Small Entity Compliance Guide: Declaration by Name on the Label of All Foods and Cosmetic Products that Contain Cochineal Extract and Carmine | FDA
  • Color Additives Questions and Answers for Consumers | FDA
  • Color Additives History | FDA
  • The Truth About Red Food Dye Made from Bugs | Live Science
  • Carmine - Wikipedia
  • Crunchy Gummy Yummy - Nerds
  • Tiny, Tangy Crunchy Dual Flavoured NERDS Candy
  • Sour Patch Kids | Snackworks
  • Amazon.com : Maynards Wine Gums Bag 165g (Pack of 6) : Grocery & Gourmet Food
  • Doctor Who: Jelly Baby Supercut – 4th Doctor/Tom Baker Tribute (2020) - YouTube
  • Flavoring and Coloring Agents: Health Risks and Potential Problems - ScienceDirect
  • Cochineal dye-induced immediate allergy: Review of Japanese cases and proposed new diagnostic chart - ScienceDirect
  • Samhain - Wikipedia
October 30, 2024 /Don Schaffner
Candy, Color additives, Toxicology, Allergens, Carmine B, Cochineal

DALL·E - A close-up image of an egg being fried on a very hot Astroturf field under a bright, scorching sun. The egg white is sizzling and bubbling, with the yolk slightly runny, and the green synthetic grass of the Astroturf contrasts with the golden egg. The grass is visibly affected by the heat, with some slight melting or warping where the egg is resting. Heatwaves rise from the scene, enhancing the sense of extreme temperature.

686. Eating an Egg Fried on Astroturf

October 28, 2024 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of eating an egg fried on Astroturf.

Dr. Don - risky ☣️
Professor Ben - risky ☣️

  • Heat Levels — Safe Healthy Playing Fields
  • Toxicity/Carcinogens — Safe Healthy Playing Fields
  • "The Artificial Turf at the Women's World Cup Was Reportedly 120 Degrees at Kick Off" — Safe Healthy Playing Fields
  • The artificial turf at the Women’s World Cup was reportedly 120 degrees at kick off - The Washington Post
  • Surface Temperature of Synthetic Turf
  • ChatGPT - Eggs on Astro-turf Risky
October 28, 2024 /Don Schaffner
Toxicology, Eggs

DALL·E - A cocktail with a giant ice cube in a glass. The ice cube has an ominous dark black streak running through the middle of it.

627. Drinking a Cocktail Using Ice From a Core Sample From Your Birth Year

June 12, 2024 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of drinking a cocktail using ice from a core sample from your birth year.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • xkcd: Ice Core
  • bioRxiv.org - the preprint server for Biology
  • Camellia sinensis - Wikipedia
  • Diversity and association of psychrophilic bacteria in Antarctic sea ice | Applied and Environmental Microbiology
  • Professor Thomas McMeekin AO | Australian of the Year
  • About Ice Cores | NSF Ice Core Facility
  • Human and Environmental Impacts of Volcanic Ash
June 12, 2024 /Don Schaffner
Ice, Volcanos, Ash, Toxicology

DALL·E - A delicious-looking pizza with a perfectly baked crust, gooey cheese, and a variety of toppings like pepperoni, mushrooms, and bell peppers. Someone is squirting Elmers glue on the pizza.

621. Pizza With White Glue

May 29, 2024 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of eating pizza made with white glue.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • Katie Notopoulos on X: "It’s time https://t.co/hkTO5G9Eai" / X
  • SG-r01 on X: "https://t.co/6ALCbz6EjK" / X
  • Elmer's Glue-All - CAMEO
  • Elmer's
  • Polyvinyl acetate - CAMEO
  • Polyvinyl alcohol - CAMEO
  • Propylene glycol - CAMEO
  • Homemade white glue - Creative recipes - Educatall
  • Rutgers SEBS Chairs: Departments
  • Amazon.com: Elmer's White PVA Glue | 225 mL | Washable and Kid Friendly | Great for Making Slime and Crafting : Arts, Crafts & Sewing
  • The Elmer's Glue Pizza Error Is More Fascinating Than You Think
  • Google promised a better search experience — now it’s telling us to put glue on our pizza - The Verge
  • Ethylene Glycol and Propylene Glycol Toxicity: What is Propylene Glycol? | Environmental Medicine | ATSDR
  • Public Health Statement Vinyl Acetate CAS#: 108-05-4
  • Elmers Safety Data Sheet.pdf
  • The role of beverage congeners in hangover and other residual effects of alcohol intoxication: a review - PubMed
May 29, 2024 /Don Schaffner
Pizza, White Glue, Toxicology

DALL·E - A chocolate chip cookie on a sea of bubbling wax

577. Baking Cookies on Wax Paper

February 16, 2024 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from baking cookies on wax paper.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • Loonies and Toonies Canadian Dollar Coins
  • pre taped call in show - YouTube
  • Ash Wednesday - Wikipedia
  • Can You Bake With Wax Paper? | MyRecipes
  • used wax paper instead of parchment, is my food still safe to eat? : r/Cooking
  • Wax Paper | Reynolds Brands
  • Reynolds Group Holdings - Wikipedia
  • Parchmentising - Wikipedia
  • Twaddell scale - Wikipedia
  • What is wax paper?
February 16, 2024 /Don Schaffner
Cookies, Wax paper, Toxicology

DALL·E - a sliced loaf of bread with sawdust falling out

574. Sawdust Bread

February 09, 2024 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of eating bread made with some amount of sawdust.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • Can I taste the difference between six different "flavors" of sawdust bread? - YouTube
  • Chapter 3 - Carbohydrates - From Glucose to Oat Bran to Sawdust
  • Six Thousand Years of Bread: Its Holy and Unholy History - H. E. Jacob - Google Books
  • Omnibus Episode 584: The Ice Trade (Entry 615.PS14717)
  • Wood Dust - Overview | Occupational Safety and Health Administration
  • Is there a name for food grade sawdust? - Quora
  • Wood Dust - Cancer-Causing Substances - NCI
  • A Brief History of Wood Pulp in Food - Cornucopia Institute


February 09, 2024 /Don Schaffner
Sawdust, Bread, Cellulose, Toxicology

DALL·E - basil growing out a man's suit with a skull and cross bones sign

567. Growing Vegetables by a Restaurant That Used to Be a Dry Cleaners

January 24, 2024 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from vegetables grown near a restaurant that used to be a dry cleaners.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • Dry cleaning - Wikipedia
  • TuscNY - Tuscaloosa - Menu & Hours - Order Delivery
  • Contamination of foodstuff by gases from tetrachloroethene emissions from a dry cleaners- PubMed
  • Perchloroethylene - Chemical Safety Facts


January 24, 2024 /Don Schaffner
Vegetables, Dry cleaners, Perchloroethylene, Toxicology

531. Hot Dog Bun Printed With the Expiration Date

November 01, 2023 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of eating a hotdog bun that has been printed with the expiration date on the bun instead of the package.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • Mistadobalina - Wikipedia
  • Who Was Mistadobalina, Mista Bob Dobalina, Anyway?
  • The Use of Printing Inks for Food Packaging in the United States | 2021-02-26 | Food Safety
  • Health Risks of Newspaper Ink when Used as Food Packaging Material
  • HEALTH HAZARD EVALUATION DETERMINATION Report No. 77-69-522
  • Hazard prioritisation of substances in printing inks and adhesives applied to plastic food packaging - PubMed
  • Hazard prioritisation of substances in printing inks and adhesives applied to plastic food packaging: Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A: Vol 38, No 9
  • Contamination of food with newspaper ink: An evidence-informed decision making (EIDM) case study of homemade dessert
November 01, 2023 /Don Schaffner
Toxicology, Printing inks
Image of corn in a dishwasher from the OP. DALL·E could not figure this one out

496. Dishwasher Corn

August 11, 2023 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of blanching corn in the dishwasher prior to freezing.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • HAPPY IN HORTON: this may sound "CORNY" to you....
  • Food Safety Talk 198: Very Old Molasses (with Rachael Jackson) — Food Safety Talk
  • Safety Data Sheet Jet Dry
  • NTP Technical Report on the Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Technical Grade Sodium Xylenesulfonate
  • Microwave Corn on the Cob in Husk - No Messy Silk! - The Dinner-Mom


August 11, 2023 /Don Schaffner
Corn, Dishwasher, Jet Dry, Toxicology, Sodium Xylenesulfonate

473. Splenda

June 19, 2023 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks posed by the sweetener Splenda based on a recent research study from North Carolina State University.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • NC study discovers chemical in common sweetener damages DNA, can cause cancer
  • Chemical Found in Common Sweetener Damages DNA | NC State News
  • Toxicological and pharmacokinetic properties of sucralose-6-acetate and its parent sucralose: in vitro screening assays - PubMed
  • Susan Schiffman » Electrical and Computer Engineering
  • An overview of the safety of sucralose - PubMed
  • (Sucralose revisited: Rebuttal of two papers about Splenda safety
  • Aspartame and Other Sweeteners in Food | FDA
  • Statement on the validity of the conclusions of a mouse carcinogenicity study on sucralose (E 955) performed by the Ramazzini Institute | EFSA
  • Sucralose administered in feed, beginning prenatally through lifespan, induces hematopoietic neoplasias in male swiss mice - PubMed
  • Call for technical data on sucralose (E 955) | EFSA
June 19, 2023 /Don Schaffner
Splenda, Toxicology, Artificial sweeteners

427. Storing "Teriyk" in an Old Hair Spray Bottle

March 03, 2023 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of using homemade Teriyaki sauce stored in an old hair spray bottle.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • Teriyaki Sauce Recipe | Food Network
  • Andrew W.K. - Wikipedia
  • I Get Wet - Wikipedia
March 03, 2023 /Don Schaffner
Teriyaki sauce, Non-food safe container, Toxicology

422. Butter Candles

February 20, 2023 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of using butter candles.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • Landon Conover on Twitter: "⁦@bugcounter⁩ and ⁦@benjaminchapman⁩, here is another viral trend that might make a good #riskyornot. Merry Christmas and thanks for an awesome show! https://t.co/OCj0XHZQA4" / Twitter
  • Ain’t Too Proud To Meg on Instagram: “Follow @ainttooproudtomeg. VIRAL BUTTER CANDLE 🧈🕯️ What do you think? #foodtrend #buttercandle #feedfeed #food52 #tastemademedoit”
  • Butter Candle · i am a food blog
  • Elements of a Candle: Wicks - National Candle Association
February 20, 2023 /Don Schaffner
Butter, Candles, Toxicology

328. Dr. Don's Soapy Pasta

July 15, 2022 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of eating pasta that fell in clean soapy water

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • Subchronic oral toxicity testing in rats with a liquid hand-dishwashing detergent containing anionic surfactants - PubMed
  • Pediatric Exposure to Laundry Detergent Pods | Pediatrics | American Academy of Pediatrics
  • Washing Food: Does it Promote Food Safety? | Food Safety and Inspection Service
  • Cleaning and Disinfectant Chemical Exposures and Temporal Associations with COVID-19 — National Poison Data System, United States, January 1, 2020–March 31, 2020 | MMWR
July 15, 2022 /Don Schaffner
Pasta, Soap, Toxicology

255. Lining Wooden Beer Casks With Pine Pitch in Czech Tradition

January 26, 2022 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of lining wooden beer casks with pine pitch in Czech tradition.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • The Caipirinha: Fun to Make, Easy to Drink, Hard to Pronounce - Article - FineCooking
  • How to Make Pine Rosin Potatoes
  • Toxic Woods, British Journal of Dermatology
  • Familial Sarcoidosis: Epidemiological Aspects with Notes on a Possible Relationship to the Chewing of Pine Pitch | JAMA Internal Medicine | JAMA Network
  • Google Translate of "Untersuchungen über gesundheitsschädigende Hölzer"
  • How to Make Pine Pitch
  • Historical Notes on Barrel Pitching | Community | BeerAdvocate
  • Brewerey u Bansethu - Review of U Bansethu, Prague, Czech Republic - Tripadvisor
  • History Byte – Barrel Pitching – The Black Creek Growler
  • Shut up about Barclay Perkins: Lining casks with pitch
January 26, 2022 /Don Schaffner
Pine pitch, Beer, Toxicology

254. Do It Yourself Pizza Oven

January 24, 2022 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of using a do it yourself pizza oven from TikTok.

Dr. Don - risky ☣️
Professor Ben - risky ☣️

  • The Flintstones would be so proud 😭 #fypシ #pizzastone #diy #cheaptok #pizza #camping #backyard #easydiy
  • Rodrigo on TikTok
  • MSDS for paving stones
  • Is Concrete Toxic?
January 24, 2022 /Don Schaffner
Pizza, Toxicology, Concrete

231. S’mores Cooked on Pallet Wood

December 01, 2021 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from s’mores cooked on wood from pallets of unknown composition.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • Overview of Wood Preservative Chemicals | US EPA
  • https://www.srs.fs.usda.gov/pubs/ja/ja_mcmahon010.pdf
  • Are Wood Pallets Safe for Reuse Projects? It Depends - Earth911
  • Is my wood pallet safe for reuse - Learn how to know? • 1001 Pallets
  • Human exposure and internal dose assessments of acrylamide in food - ScienceDirect
  • Exposure to Acrylamide | SpringerLink
  • Acrylamide | FDA
December 01, 2021 /Don Schaffner
Toxicology, Smoke, Acrylamide
Screen Shot 2020-02-01 at 4.30.43 PM.png

4: Vintage Glassware

February 07, 2020 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben venture outside of their food microbiology comfort zone to talk toxicology, specifically about the risks from eating off vintage dishware.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • Vintage Pyrex Contains Unsafe Levels of Lead?
  • Charity Navigator - CN Advisory of Lead Safe America Foundation
  • Pamplin Media Group - Embattled former leader of Lead Safe America says felony charges are bogus
  • leachable lead in tableware - U.S. Food and Drug Administration Search Results
  • Is it Safe to Eat Off Vintage Plates? | Arts & Culture | Smithsonian
  • Myth Busting: Is There REALLY Lead in Vintage Pyrex? - Creative Green Living
  • Childhood Lead Poisoning from Commercially Manufactured French Ceramic Dinnerware --- New York City, 2003
  • How Radioactive Is Fiesta Ware?
  • Fiestaware (ca. 1930s)
February 07, 2020 /Don Schaffner
Glassware, Pyrex, Toxicology

Powered by Squarespace