Risky or Not?

A short podcast about everyday risks from germs

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A smiling man with curly hair, a beard, and glasses wears an orange turtleneck sweater. He holds a clear container filled with candied lemon peels. The background is a soft beige, giving the image a warm, cozy feel. The man appears cheerful and relaxed.

774. Room Temperature Candied Lemon Peels

May 21, 2025 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from storing candied lemon peels at room temperature.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • Candied Lemon Peel Recipe
  • Water Activity (aw) in Foods | FDA
  • 400. Simple Syrup Stored at Room Temperature — Risky or Not?
  • Suntree Natural Foods Marketplace | Port Hope’s go-to for food that is local, health-conscious and delicious
  • Wine Spirits Beer | LCBO
May 21, 2025 /Don Schaffner
Water activity, Lemon, pH, Sugar

A man in a cozy kitchen stirs golden honey into creamy homemade peanut butter using a wooden spoon. Sunlight streams through a window, casting a warm glow on the glass jar. Peanuts and a honey jar sit nearby on the counter, enhancing the inviting, homemade feel of the scene.

746. Homemade Nut Butter Containing Honey

March 17, 2025 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from eating homemade nut butter containing honey.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • Contamination of Nuts/Nut Butters | Food Safety
  • Water Activity (aw) in Foods | FDA
  • Water content, water activity, water structure and the stability of foodstuffs - ScienceDirect
  • Influence of Water Activity on Foodborne Bacteria — A Review - ScienceDirect
  • Water activity - Wikipedia
  • T. Rex - Bang A Gong (Get It On) (Official Vinyl Video) - YouTube
March 17, 2025 /Don Schaffner
Peanut butter, Honey, Salmonella, Clostridium botulinum, Water activity

The image shows a plate of roasted Sriracha chickpeas on a plain counter. The chickpeas are dry, shriveled, and slightly moldy, with patches of white fuzz indicating spoilage. The unappetizing appearance suggests they have been left out for days, emphasizing a sense of potential hazard and neglect.

709. Homemade Roasted Sriracha Chickpeas at Room Temperature for Days

December 20, 2024 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from eating homemade roasted sriracha chickpeas left at room temperature for three days.

Dr. Don - risky ☣️
Professor Ben - risky ☣️

  • Roasted Sriracha Chickpeas - ShortGirlTallOrder
  • Easy Roasted Chickpeas - Super Healthy Kids
December 20, 2024 /Don Schaffner
Chickpeas, Water activity, Roasting

DALL·E - A plastic bear-shaped bottle of honey with very little honey inside, leaving it about one-eighth full. There is a visible layer of water sitting on the honey.

642. Watery Honey

July 17, 2024 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from honey that diluted with water by 25%.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • Merch — Risky or Not?
  • On the nature of the relationship between water activity and % moisture in honey - ScienceDirect
  • Effect of High Hydrostatic Pressure on Salmonella Inoculated into Creamy Peanut Butter with Modified Composition - ScienceDirect
  • 400. Simple Syrup Stored at Room Temperature — Risky or Not?
July 17, 2024 /Don Schaffner
Honey, Water activity

DALL·E - cut celery and carrots standing vertically in jar of dirty water

556. Storing Celery and Carrots in Water in the Refrigerator

December 29, 2023 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of storing celery and carrots submerged in water in the refrigerator.

Dr. Don - risky ☣️
Professor Ben - risky ☣️

  • Instagram Screenshot
  • Inhibitory effects of raw carrots on Listeria monocytogenes. - PMC
  • ComBase Models Are Valid for Predicting Fate of Listeria monocytogenes on 10 Whole Intact Raw Fruits and Vegetables - ScienceDirect
  • Hospital-acquired listeriosis outbreak caused by contaminated diced celery--Texas, 2010 - PubMed
  • Listeria monocytogenes transfer during mechanical dicing of celery and growth during subsequent storage - PubMed
  • Analysis of domestic refrigerator temperatures and home storage time distributions for shelf-life studies and food safety risk assessment - ScienceDirect
  • Food Safety Knowledge of Consumers and the Microbiological and Temperature Status of Their Refrigerators - ScienceDirect
  • https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Fur-Chi-Chen/publication/256115808_Comprehensive_evaluation_of_temperatures_within_home_refrigerators/links/5540dfcb0cf2718618dbb655/Comprehensive-evaluation-of-temperatures-within-home-refrigerators.pdf
December 29, 2023 /Don Schaffner
Carrots, Celery, Refrigerated foods, Water activity, Listeria

DALL·E - a glass container half full of syrup filled with sausage links

543. Eating Table Syrup From IHOP Containing Food Hidden by College Students

November 29, 2023 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of eating table syrup from IHOP containing food hidden by college students.

Dr. Don - risky ☣️
Professor Ben - risky ☣️

  • IHOP's New Syrup Containers
  • Amazon.com - 6 Oz. (Ounce) Glass Bulb Jar Syrup Dispenser, Sugar Dispenser, Retracting Spout, Dispensing Thumb-Lever, Pancake House Style (2) - Food Dispensers
November 29, 2023 /Don Schaffner
Syrup, Water activity, pH, Clostridium botulinum

DALL·E 2: glass jar half full of steaming, bubbling and boiling hot fudge on a white background

447. Repeated Hot Fudge Temperature Cycling

April 19, 2023 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of repeatedly reheating hot fudge in a microwave.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • Robbie Williams – Hot Fudge Lyrics | Genius Lyrics
  • Hot Chocolate (band) - Wikipedia)
  • Hot Fudge | Smucker's®
  • Microbiological safety of chocolate confectionery products - New Food Magazine
  • Hot Fudge - song and lyrics by Johnny & The Hurricanes | Spotify
  • Vanilla Fudge
  • Hot Hot Heat
  • MC5 - Wikipedia
  • The Dave Clark Five - Wikipedia
April 19, 2023 /Don Schaffner
Hot fudge, Water activity

301. "Canning" Without "Cooking"

May 13, 2022 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from some weird recipes from 1918.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • Dave Arnold on Twitter: "@benjaminchapman @bugcounter No heat no acid canning? I know this is risky. My question is, is there any way this could possibly be safe? “Canning Without Cooking” from American Cookery (formerly Boston Cooking School Mag)June/July 1918. https://t.co/Z0dcl1Bqg1" / Twitter
  • Thermal Resistance of Spores from pH, Elevating Strains of Bacillus licheniformis - MONTVILLE - 1981 - Journal of Food Science - Wiley Online Library
  • Inherent Variability in the Efficacy of the USDA Raw‐Pack Process for Home‐Canned Tomatoes - MONTVILLE - 1983 - Journal of Food Science - Wiley Online Library
  • 293. Low Volume Lasagna at Olive Garden — Risky or Not?
May 13, 2022 /Don Schaffner
Canning, pH, Sugar, Water activity

253. Scott's Ambiguously Sealed Mincemeat

January 23, 2022 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from a jar of ambiguously sealed mincemeat send from listener Scott.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • Scott Lougheed on Twitter: "Opened up a jar of last year’s mincemeat. Ambiguous seal. No signs of spoilage. Ate a teaspoon: Tastes good. 36hrs passed and no sign of botulism (or other illness). Risky or not @benjaminchapman and @bugcounter?" / Twitter
  • Recipes | Mary Berry
  • Mincemeat - Wikipedia
  • National Center for Home Food Preservation | How Do I? Can Fruits
  • Suet - Wikipedia
  • Christmas Brandied Mince Tarts | King Arthur Baking
  • Internet Goes Wild After Photo of Sqirl’s Moldy Jam Goes Viral - Eater LA
January 23, 2022 /Don Schaffner
Micemeat, Water activity, Canning
205.png

205. Apple Pie on the Counter for Days

October 01, 2021 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of leaving a baked apple pie on the counter for days.

Dr. Don - risky ☣️
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • Shelf Life and Safety Concerns of Bakery Products—A Review: Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition: Vol 44, No 1
  • Homemade Apple Pie - Best Recipe for Apple Pie
  • Home - Texas Cottage Food Law
  • https://www.fda.gov/files/food/published/Evaluation-and-Definition-of-Potentially-Hazardous-Foods.pdf
  • Comparison of NSF and ABA Protocols to Determine Whether a Food Requires Time/Temperature Control for Safety - 2003 - Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety - Wiley Online Library
  • USDA pie fillings, fruit, prepared
  • An Outbreak of Gastrointestinal Disturbance Following the Eating of Chocolate Cream Pie | NEJM
October 01, 2021 /Don Schaffner
Pie, Room temperature, Water activity
162.png

162. Roasted Grilled Veggies Left Out Overnight

June 23, 2021 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of eating roasted grilled veggies left out overnight

Dr. Don - risky ☣️
Professor Ben - risky ☣️

  • Ben's 7-11 diet, sort of
  • Appendix E: Water Activity Values of Select Food Ingredients and Products - Water Activity in Foods - Wiley Online Library
  • ComBase
June 23, 2021 /Don Schaffner
Roasted Veggies, Room Temperature Storage, Water activity
poutine.jpg

56. Day Old Poutine

October 19, 2020 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of eating day old poutine.
Dr. Don - risky ☣️
Professor Ben - risky ☣️

  • Poutine - Wikipedia
  • 5: Doner Kebab — Risky or Not?
  • Large Outbreak of Botulism: The Hazardous Baked Potato | The Journal of Infectious Diseases | Oxford Academic
  • Water Activity (aw) in Foods | FDA
  • The Social Bar & Table – Fresh & Local Everyday
October 19, 2020 /Don Schaffner
Poutine, Canada, Water activity

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