Risky or Not?

A short podcast about everyday risks from germs

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This image is generated from Don's Perfringens Predictor analysis.

906. White Castle Burgers in a Cooler for 12 Hours

March 25, 2026 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of eating White Castle burgers in a cooler for 12 hours.

Dr. Don - risky ☣️
Professor Ben - risky ☣️

  • White Castle (restaurant) - Wikipedia
  • Menu | Krystal Restaurants
  • Wilson, North Carolina - Wikipedia
  • Like a Local: Wilson | Our State
  • Conetoe, North Carolina - Wikipedia
  • Wendell, North Carolina - Wikipedia
  • Wendell Pierce - Wikipedia
  • SQFI | SQF Unites 2026
  • ComBase Home
  • USDA FSIS C. perfringens Risk Assessment Executive Summary
  • Incidence of Clostridium perfringens in Commercially Produced Cured Raw Meat Product Mixtures and Behavior in Cooked Products during Chilling and Refrigerated Storage - ScienceDirect
  • We tried White Castle from an airport vending machine. It was bleak. - The Washington Post
  • Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle - Wikipedia
March 25, 2026 /Don Schaffner
Burgers, Clostridium perfringens, Time temperature control for safety food

Image description: Actual banana from Justin's post.

875. OneTrueJustin's Parents Half Eaten Banana

January 12, 2026 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from leaving a half a cut banana at room temperature for 24 hours.

Dr. Don - risky ☣️
Professor Ben - risky ☣️

  • 14: Budnik's Banana — Risky or Not?
  • Justin Ekins on X: "@bugcounter @benjaminchapman My parents routinely leave half-eaten bananas in the bowl for later consumption. Is this risky? Assume 24 hours between splitting and eating the second half. https://t.co/76VwOdFD39" / X
  • Banana peel: a possible source of infection in the treatment of nipple fissures - PubMed
January 12, 2026 /Don Schaffner
Banana, Time temperature control for safety food

ChatGPT image description: A single piece of sushi sits alone on a conveyor belt under a clear plastic dome. The fish looks dull and dried, the rice hardened. Around it, stacks of empty plates and blurred restaurant fixtures emphasize how long the sushi has been circling, forgotten.

873. Leftover Conveyer Belt Sushi

January 07, 2026 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from eating leftover conveyer belt sushi.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • Conveyor Belt Sushi in Japan
  • Conveyor belt sushi - Wikipedia
  • Arrests made after wave of ‘sushi terrorism’ upends Japan’s restaurant industry | Japan | The Guardian
  • Florida Department of Health - Time as a Public Health Control Procedures
January 07, 2026 /Don Schaffner
Sushi, Time temperature control for safety food

ChatGPT image description: A square close-up shows an opened metal can of caramel sauce left on a kitchen countertop. Thick amber caramel overflows the rim, dripping down the sides and pooling on the surface below. A spoon coated in caramel rests nearby, emphasizing the sticky, glossy texture.

868. Homemade Caramel Sauce Left Out Over Night

December 26, 2025 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from leaving homemade caramel sauce out over night.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • David Mitchell (comedian) - Wikipedia
  • Great White North - YouTube
  • Mayor Clint Eastwood | Carmel-by-the-Sea, California
  • Sweetened Condensed Milk Caramel Recipe
  • Shelf stable caramel sauce : r/foodscience
  • Water activity and its relevance
  • Hit Somebody! (The Hockey Song) - YouTube
December 26, 2025 /Don Schaffner
Caramel, Time temperature control for safety food

ChatGPT image description: A black crockpot sits unplugged on a countertop, its white power cord coiled beside it. Inside, several chicken breasts rest in chunky red salsa. The scene looks still and slightly concerning, suggesting the food has been left at room temperature all day without cooking. Don's comment: Interesting plug design. Might not have helped to plug this one in.

858. Crockpot Chicken at Room Temperature "All Day"

December 03, 2025 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of holding raw chicken at room temperature "all day" before cooking.

Dr. Don - risky ☣️
Professor Ben - risky ☣️

  • Staphylococcosis in Poultry - Poultry - Merck Veterinary Manual
  • Evaluation of the Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in Chicken Fillets and Its Bio-Control Using Different Seaweed Extracts - PMC
December 03, 2025 /Don Schaffner
Time temperature control for safety food, Chicken, Delayed cooking, Crockpot

Figure from Barbut et at., 1987 of hard cooked egg shelf life

825. Air Cooled Hard Boiled Eggs After a Week at Room Temperature

September 17, 2025 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from eating air cooled hard boiled eggs after a week at room temperature.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • 775. Coin in Cup for Freezer Safety After Power Outages — Risky or Not?
  • FDA Food Code | FDA
  • 210. Air cooled hard boiled eggs at room temperature — Risky or Not?
  • 467. Rich's Hard Boiled Eggs (With Bra Egg Bonus) — Risky or Not?
  • Hard-Cooked Egg Shelf Life - ScienceDirect


September 17, 2025 /Don Schaffner
Eggs, Hardboiled Eggs, Time temperature control for safety food, Spoilage

ChatGPT image text: In a warehouse store, a smiling employee in a red apron offers food samples while a serious professor in a white lab coat studies the setup, arms crossed.

823. Costco Free Food Samples

September 12, 2025 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from consuming Costco free food samples.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • Multistate outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections associated with in-store sampling of an aged raw-milk Gouda cheese, 2010 - PubMed
  • Are Costco Samples Safe To Eat? Here's What You Need To Know About Hygiene Practices
  • Coronavirus outbreak prompts Costco to stop serving free samples
September 12, 2025 /Don Schaffner
Costco, Food samples, Allergy, Time temperature control for safety food

DALL·E image text: A ceramic bowl overflows with ripe, red raspberries, sitting on a sunlit kitchen counter. Soft daylight filters through a nearby window, casting a warm, nostalgic glow. The slightly worn surfaces and muted tones of the background contrast with the vivid freshness of the berries, suggesting they were recently picked and forgotten.

811. Raspberries at Room Temperature for About 28 Hours

August 15, 2025 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of leaving raspberries at room temperature for about 28 hours.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

August 15, 2025 /Don Schaffner
Raspberries, Time temperature control for safety food

DALL·E image text: A golden-crusted loaf of sliced white bread sits on a pastel blue countertop in a cheerful 1950s kitchen, surrounded by mint-green tiles, yellow curtains, and red accents, all bathed in soft daylight, creating a warm, nostalgic atmosphere.

810. White Bread

August 13, 2025 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from white bread.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • Katie Swanson | LinkedIn
  • Evaluation and Definition of Potentially Hazardous Foods
  • Paul Anthony Hall Obituary - Visitation & Funeral Information
  • Merle Pierson | Food Science & Technology | Virginia Tech
  • group fitness instructors — THE WEIGHT CLUB
  • Bacillus spore contamination associated with commercial bread manufacture - ScienceDirect
  • Contamination profiles and characterisation of Bacillus species in wheat bread and raw materials for bread production - ScienceDirect
  • Genetic diversity and involvement in bread spoilage of Bacillus strains isolated from flour and ropy bread | Letters in Applied Microbiology | Oxford Academic
  • Ropiness in Bread—A Re-Emerging Spoilage Phenomenon - PMC
August 13, 2025 /Don Schaffner
Time temperature control for safety food, Bread

Six pieces of assorted sushi sit on a beige kitchen counter. The lighting is dim and moody, suggesting the sushi has been left out overnight. The rolls and nigiri look slightly dried, with a soft focus on the background showing tiled walls and part of a stainless steel utensil holder.

808. Sushi Left on the Counter Overnight

August 08, 2025 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from eating sushi left on the counter overnight.

Dr. Don - risky ☣️
Professor Ben - risky ☣️

  • sushi - Risky or Not?
  • 594. Expired Sushi in a Unplugged Refrigerator for 7 Hours — Risky or Not?
  • overnight - Risky or Not?
  • Scombroid fish poisoning: Factors influencing the production of histamine in tuna supply chain. A review - ScienceDirect
  • Scombroid Fish Poisoning Associated with Tuna Steaks --- Louisiana and Tennessee, 2006
August 08, 2025 /Don Schaffner
Sushi, Time temperature control for safety food, Histamine

Instagram screenshot

805. Mamma Birding (Chewing Food for Other People)

August 01, 2025 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of eating food someone else has chewed and sent through the mail to you.

Dr. Don - risky ☣️
Professor Ben - risky ☣️

  • Instagram
  • yuck someone's yum - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
  • Nathan For You - Dumb Starbucks - Open for Business - YouTube
  • Dumb Starbucks - Wikipedia
  • What Happened To Stephanie Matto After 90 Day Fiancé: Before The 90 Days Season 4?
  • Stephanie Matto - IMDb
August 01, 2025 /Don Schaffner
Cross-contamination, Chewing, Time temperature control for safety food

A man walks through a sunlit airport terminal holding a vintage suitcase that's popped open. A full wheel of Saint-Nectaire cheese is slipping out, partially exposed. He appears unaware, continuing forward casually. The scene blends travel routine with unexpected humor, set against a backdrop of windows and lounge seating.

803. Unpasteurized Suitcase Saint Nectaire Cheese

July 28, 2025 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of transporting unpasteurized Saint Nectaire Cheese from France to Canada

Dr. Don - risky ☣️
Professor Ben - risky ☣️

  • Saint Nectaire
  • River Cruises - European, Asian, Mississippi & Nile Cruises | Viking®
  • Home - Kinderdijk
  • Dunning–Kruger effect - Wikipedia
  • 729. Eating Raw Milk Gouda Cheese in an Unregulated Brazilian Facility — Risky or Not?
  • Escherichia coli O121 outbreak associated with raw milk Gouda-like cheese in British Columbia, Canada, 2018 - PMC
  • Enumeration of Escherichia coli O157 in Outbreak-Associated Gouda Cheese Made with Raw Milk - ScienceDirect
  • pH and aw Saint-Nectaire
July 28, 2025 /Don Schaffner
Cheese, Raw milk, pH, Water activity, Time temperature control for safety food

An open white cooler sits on the ground, filled with raw chicken pieces. A digital thermometer inserted into one piece reads 67°F. There’s no ice inside, and the cooler appears stained and weathered, suggesting it’s been sitting outdoors for a while during a camping trip.

796. Raw Chicken That Is at 67 °F After More Than 12 Hours

July 11, 2025 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks of eating properly cooked chicken that warmed up to 67 °F after about 12 hours prior to cooking.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • ComBase
  • FSIS Cooking Guideline for Meat and Poultry Products (Revised Appendix A) December, 2021
  • Risk Assessment Predicts Most of the Salmonellosis Risk in Raw Chicken Parts is Concentrated in Those Few Products with High Levels of High-Virulence Serotypes of Salmonella - ScienceDirect
  • Dr. Matthew Stasiewicz – Stasiewicz Food Safety Laboratory
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July 11, 2025 /Don Schaffner
Chicken, Time temperature control for safety food, Camping

A fried egg sizzles in a cast iron skillet filled with dark bacon or sausage grease. The yolk is vibrant and intact, surrounded by bubbly whites. In the background, a small jar of congealed grease sits on a beige cloth, suggesting long-term room temperature storage.

795. Cooking in Bacon and/or Sausage Grease Stored Room Temperature for Up to 30 Days

July 09, 2025 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from cooking in bacon and/or sausage grease stored room temperature for up to 30 days.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • Blackshore (TV Series 2024– ) - IMDb
  • Current Food Safety Issues of Home-prepared Vegetables and Herbs Stored in Oil
  • Risky or Not?
  • Bacon Method
  • The 100 Best Movies of the 21st Century - The New York Times
  • Apple Music 100 Best Albums
July 09, 2025 /Don Schaffner
Bacon, Sausage, Grease, Time temperature control for safety food

A hotel breakfast buffet features a large stainless steel vat filled with lumpy oatmeal. A sign above reads “COMMUNITY VAT OF OATMEAL MADE EARLIER THAT DAY.” Surrounding the vat are stacked plates, bagels in a wire rack, glass cups, and coffee dispensers, creating a utilitarian yet oddly inviting scene.

794. Cold-Ish, Prepared Oatmeal From a Community Vat Made Earlier That Day

July 07, 2025 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks eating cold-ish, prepared oatmeal from a community vat made earlier that day.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • Tears in rain monologue - Wikipedia
  • 766. Room Temperature Overnight Oats — Risky or Not?
  • Bacterial Pathogens and Indicators in Oats - April 1, 2018 to March 31, 2020 - inspection.canada.ca
  • Marriott International’s World-Class Recipe for Safe, Great Foods | Food Safety
July 07, 2025 /Don Schaffner
Oatmeal, Time temperature control for safety food, Temperature

A square image shows an opened glass jar of mayonnaise sitting on a wooden pantry shelf. The mayo appears discolored and crusty around the rim, suggesting spoilage. The dim lighting and aged wood add to the sense of neglect and food safety concern.

787. Mayonnaise From a Recently Opened Jar Kept in a Cabinet Less Than a Week

June 20, 2025 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from a jar of mayonnaise that was opened and then accidentally left at room temperature for less than a week

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • Microbiological Safety of Mayonnaise, Salad Dressings, and Sauces Produced in the United States: A Review - ScienceDirect
  • Review: Fate of pathogens in home-made mayonnaise and related products - ScienceDirect
  • An Assessment of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Contamination Risks in Commercial Mayonnaise from Pasteurized Eggs and Environmental Sources, and Behavior in Low-pH Dressings - ScienceDirect
  • A Review of Temperature, pH, and Other Factors that Influence the Survival of Salmonella in Mayonnaise and Other Raw Egg Products
  • Models for the Inactivation of Foodborne Pathogens in Salad Dressing from Challenge Studies - ScienceDirect
  • Mayonnaise - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
  • Independent Writer, Speaker, and Broadcaster - Merlin Mann


June 20, 2025 /Don Schaffner
Mayonnaise, Time temperature control for safety food

A clear glass holds partially melted ice water with a single penny resting atop the remaining ice. The ice forms a cloudy disk floating above the water line. The background is a neutral surface, emphasizing the simple, almost scientific feel of the composition.

775. Coin in Cup for Freezer Safety After Power Outages

May 23, 2025 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from using the coin in cup for freezer safety tip after power outages.

Dr. Don - risky ☣️
Professor Ben - risky ☣️

  • Food Safety After a Storm | N.C. Cooperative Extension
  • Does a Coin in a Cup of Ice Accurately Tell You If Your Freezer Lost Power? | Snopes.com
  • Why Are People Putting A Cup Of Ice With A Coin On Top In Their Freezer?
  • Temperature & Humidity | Lascar Electronics
  • Amazon.com: tempi.fi Wireless Temperature and Humidity Sensor - Developed in The USA - 24/7 Data Logger with Alarm – Bluetooth Smart Thermometer and Hygrometer - Bluetooth Only - Not WiFi : Industrial & Scientific


May 23, 2025 /Don Schaffner
Freezer, Time temperature control for safety food, Power outage

DALL·E image text: A glass bowl of overnight oats sits on a dark countertop, glowing ominously with green light. Wisps of toxic-looking green mist rise from the oats, surrounded by biohazard symbols, creating an eerie, dangerous atmosphere that hints at bacterial contamination.

766. Room Temperature Overnight Oats

May 02, 2025 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from eating overnight oats made a room temperature

Dr. Don - risky ☣️
Professor Ben - risky ☣️

  • oats search on Risky or Not?
  • Overnight Oats Recipe - How to Make Overnight Oats
  • The Pioneer Woman Unnecessarily Sends a Terrible Message : r/foodnetwork
  • The Truth About Overnight Oats - My Longevity Kitchen
  • Spore germination - ScienceDirect
  • Bacteria of Bacillus cereus group in cereals at retail - Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences - Tom 59, Numer 1 (2009) - AGRO - Yadda
  • Potential of selected infant food formulas for production of Bacillus cereus emetic toxin, cereulide - ScienceDirect
  • Detection of Emetic Bacillus cereus from Ready-to-eat Foods in Markets and its Production of Cereulide under Simulated Conditions -Journal of the FoodService Safety | Korea Science
  • Bacterial Pathogens and Indicators in Oats - April 1, 2018 to March 31, 2020 - inspection.canada.ca
  • Oats: characteristics and quality requirements - ScienceDirect
May 02, 2025 /Don Schaffner
Bacillus cereus, Oats, Time temperature control for safety food

This is a screen capture from the actual TikTok video.

759. Big Open Jar of Canned Peaches at Room Temperature

April 16, 2025 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from eating peaches from big open jar of canned peaches kept at room temperature.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • Conference for Food Protection
  • #peachlady #peaches @Costco Wholesale | peach jar lady | TikTok
  • Zalea Peaches. Any one have experience with them? : r/Costco
  • McCullough recalls decades of food science work upon retirement from UGA-Griffin | University of Georgia Griffin Campus
  • Pathogen Modeling Program (PMP) Online
  • Further Studies on Development of Clostridium botulinum in Refrigerated Foods.
  • Clemson pH Values of Common Foods and Ingredients
  • Pruno - Wikipedia
  • Peaches En Regalia - YouTube
  • The Presidents of the United States of America – Peaches Lyrics | Genius Lyrics
April 16, 2025 /Don Schaffner
Time temperature control for safety food, Peaches

A green juice bottle sits on a car seat, partially frozen with visible ice crystals. Frost covers the car windows, and condensation clings to the bottle. The early morning light casts a cold, bluish hue, emphasizing the chill of a winter night spent inside the vehicle.

751. Leaving Green Juice in the Car Overnight in the Winter

March 28, 2025 by Don Schaffner

Dr. Don and Professor Ben talk about the risks from consuming Green Juice left in the car overnight in the winter.

Dr. Don - not risky 👍🏼
Professor Ben - not risky 👍🏼

  • Green Goodness® - Bolthouse Farms
  • FAQs - Bolthouse Farms
  • Botulism Associated with Commercial Carrot Juice --- Georgia and Florida, September 2006
  • 100% Carrot - Bolthouse Farms
March 28, 2025 /Don Schaffner
Time temperature control for safety food, Juice, Pasteurization
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